magic-wormhole-transit-relay/src/wormhole_transit_relay/database.py

from __future__ import unicode_literals
import os
import sqlite3
import tempfile
from pkg_resources import resource_string
from twisted.python import log

class DBError(Exception):
    pass

def get_schema(version):
    schema_bytes = resource_string("wormhole_transit_relay",
                                   "db-schemas/v%d.sql" % version)
    return schema_bytes.decode("utf-8")

def get_upgrader(new_version):
    schema_bytes = resource_string("wormhole_transit_relay",
                                   "db-schemas/upgrade-to-v%d.sql" % new_version)
    return schema_bytes.decode("utf-8")

TARGET_VERSION = 1

def dict_factory(cursor, row):
    d = {}
    for idx, col in enumerate(cursor.description):
        d[col[0]] = row[idx]
    return d

def _initialize_db_schema(db, target_version):
    """Creates the application schema in the given database.
    """
    log.msg("populating new database with schema v%s" % target_version)
    schema = get_schema(target_version)
    db.executescript(schema)
    db.execute("INSERT INTO version (version) VALUES (?)",
               (target_version,))
    db.commit()

def _initialize_db_connection(db):
    """Sets up the db connection object with a row factory and with necessary
    foreign key settings.
    """
    db.row_factory = dict_factory
    db.execute("PRAGMA foreign_keys = ON")
    problems = db.execute("PRAGMA foreign_key_check").fetchall()
    if problems:
        raise DBError("failed foreign key check: %s" % (problems,))

def _open_db_connection(dbfile):
    """Open a new connection to the SQLite3 database at the given path.
    """
    try:
        db = sqlite3.connect(dbfile)
    except (EnvironmentError, sqlite3.OperationalError) as e:
        raise DBError("Unable to create/open db file %s: %s" % (dbfile, e))
    _initialize_db_connection(db)
    return db

def _get_temporary_dbfile(dbfile):
    """Get a temporary filename near the given path.
    """
    fd, name = tempfile.mkstemp(
        prefix=os.path.basename(dbfile) + ".",
        dir=os.path.dirname(dbfile)
    )
    os.close(fd)
    return name

def _atomic_create_and_initialize_db(dbfile, target_version):
    """Create and return a new database, initialized with the application
    schema.

    If anything goes wrong, nothing is left at the ``dbfile`` path.
    """
    temp_dbfile = _get_temporary_dbfile(dbfile)
    db = _open_db_connection(temp_dbfile)
    _initialize_db_schema(db, target_version)
    db.close()
    os.rename(temp_dbfile, dbfile)
    return _open_db_connection(dbfile)

def get_db(dbfile, target_version=TARGET_VERSION):
    """Open or create the given db file. The parent directory must exist.
    Returns the db connection object, or raises DBError.
    """
    if dbfile == ":memory:":
        db = _open_db_connection(dbfile)
        _initialize_db_schema(db, target_version)
    elif os.path.exists(dbfile):
        db = _open_db_connection(dbfile)
    else:
        db = _atomic_create_and_initialize_db(dbfile, target_version)

    try:
        version = db.execute("SELECT version FROM version").fetchone()["version"]
    except sqlite3.DatabaseError as e:
        # this indicates that the file is not a compatible database format.
        # Perhaps it was created with an old version, or it might be junk.
        raise DBError("db file is unusable: %s" % e)

    while version < target_version:
        log.msg(" need to upgrade from %s to %s" % (version, target_version))
        try:
            upgrader = get_upgrader(version+1)
        except ValueError: # ResourceError??
            log.msg(" unable to upgrade %s to %s" % (version, version+1))
            raise DBError("Unable to upgrade %s to version %s, left at %s"
                          % (dbfile, version+1, version))
        log.msg(" executing upgrader v%s->v%s" % (version, version+1))
        db.executescript(upgrader)
        db.commit()
        version = version+1

    if version != target_version:
        raise DBError("Unable to handle db version %s" % version)

    return db

class DBAlreadyExists(Exception):
    pass

def create_db(dbfile):
    """Create the given db file. Refuse to touch a pre-existing file.

    This is meant for use by migration tools, to create the output target"""

    if dbfile == ":memory:":
        db = _open_db_connection(dbfile)
        _initialize_db_schema(db, TARGET_VERSION)
    elif os.path.exists(dbfile):
        raise DBAlreadyExists()
    else:
        db = _atomic_create_and_initialize_db(dbfile, TARGET_VERSION)
    return db

def dump_db(db):
    # to let _iterdump work, we need to restore the original row factory
    orig = db.row_factory
    try:
        db.row_factory = sqlite3.Row
        return "".join(db.iterdump())
    finally:
        db.row_factory = orig