194 lines
5.5 KiB
Markdown
194 lines
5.5 KiB
Markdown
# A minimalist calculator for f estimation
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This project is a minimalist, stack-based DSL for f estimation. It can multiply and divide scalars, lognormals and beta distributions.
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## Motivation
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Sometimes, [Squiggle](https://github.com/quantified-uncertainty/squiggle), [simple squiggle](https://git.nunosempere.com/quantified.uncertainty/simple-squiggle) or [squiggle.c](https://git.nunosempere.com/personal/squiggle.c) are still too complicated and un-unix-like.
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## Usage
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Here is an example
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```
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$ go run f.go
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5000000 12000000
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=> 5.0M 12.0M
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* beta 1 200
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1.9K 123.1K
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* 30 180
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122.9K 11.7M
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/ 48 52
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2.5K 234.6K
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/ 5 6
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448.8 43.0K
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/ 6 8
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64.5 6.2K
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/ 60
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1.1 103.7
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```
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Perhaps this example is more understandable with comments and better units:
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```
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$ sed -u "s|#.*||" | sed -u 's|M|000000|g' | go run f.go
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5M 12M # number of people living in Chicago
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=> 5.0M 12.0M
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* beta 1 200 # fraction of people that have a piano
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1.9K 123.1K
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30 180 # minutes it takes to tune a piano, including travel time
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122.9K 11.7M
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/ 48 52 # weeks a year pianotuners work for
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2.5K 234.6K
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/ 6 8 # hours a day
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353.9 34.1K
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/ 60 # minutes to an hour
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5.9 568.3
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=: piano_tuners_in_Chicago
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piano_tuners_in_Chicago => 5.9 568.3
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```
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Here is instead an example using beta distributions and variables:
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```
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1 2
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=> 1.0 2.0
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* 1_000_000_000
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=> 1000.0M 2.0B
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=: x # assign to variable
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x => 1000.0M 2.0B
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. # clear the stack, i.e., make it be 1
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beta 1 2
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=> beta 1.0 2.0
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beta 12 300
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=> beta 13.0 302.0
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=. y # assign to variable and clear the stack (return it to 1)
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y => beta 13.0 302.0
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x
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=> 1000.0M 2.0B
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* y
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=> samples 31.3M 98.2M
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```
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The difference between `=: x` and `=. y` is that `=.` clears the stack after the assignment.
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If you type "help", you can see a small grammar:
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```
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help
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Operation | Variable assignment | Special
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Operation: operator operand
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operator: (empty) | * | / | + | -
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operand: scalar | lognormal | beta | variable
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lognormal: low high
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beta: beta alpha beta
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Variable assignment: =: variable_name
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Clear stack: . | c | clear
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Variable assignment and clear stack: =. variable_name
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Other special operations: help | debug | exit
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Examples:
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+ 2
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/ 2.5
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* 1 10 (interpreted as lognormal)
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+ 1 10
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* beta 1 10
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1 10 (multiplication taken as default operation)
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=: x
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.
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1 100
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+ x
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exit
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```
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## Installation
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```
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make build
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sudo make install
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f # rather than the previous go run f.go
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```
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Why use make instead of the built-in go commands? Because the point of make is to be able to share command-line recipes.
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## Usage together with standard Linux utilities
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```bash
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f
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sed -u "s|#.*||" | sed -u 's|M|000000|g' | f
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cat more/piano-tuners.f | f
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cat more/piano-tuners-commented.f | sed -u "s|#.*||" | sed -u 's|M|000000|g' | f
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tee -a input.log | go run f.go | tee -a output.log
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tee -a io.log | go run f.go | tee -a io.log
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function f(){
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sed -u "s|#.*||" |
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sed -u "s|//.*||" |
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sed -u 's|K|000|g' |
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sed -u 's|M|000000|g' |
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sed -u 's|B|000000000|g' |
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/usr/bin/f
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}
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```
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Note that these sed commands are just hacks, and won't parse e.g., `3.5K` correctly—it will just substitute for 3.5000
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## Tips & tricks
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- It's conceptually clearer to have all the multiplications first and then all the divisions
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- Sums and divisions now also supported
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- For things between 0 and 1, consider using a beta distribution
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## Different levels of complexity
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The top level f.go file (400 lines) has a bunch of complexity: variables, parenthesis, samples, beta distributions. In the simple/ folder:
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- f_simple.go (370 lines) strips variables and parenthesis, but keeps beta distributions, samples, and addition and substraction
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- f_minimal.go (140 lines) strips everything that isn't lognormal and scalar multiplication and addition, plus a few debug options.
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## Roadmap
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Done:
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- [x] Write README
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- [x] Add division?
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- [x] Read from file?
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- [x] Save to file?
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- [x] Allow comments?
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- [x] Use a sed filter?
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- [x] Add show more info version
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- [x] Scalar multiplication and division
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- [x] Think how to integrate with squiggle.c to draw samples
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- [x] Copy the time to botec go code
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- [x] Define samplers
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- [x] Call those samplers when operating on distributions that can't be operted on algebraically
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- [x] Display output more nicely, with K/M/B/T
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- [x] Consider the following: make this into a stack-based DSL, with:
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- [x] Variables that can be saved to and then displayed
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- [x] Other types of distributions, particularly beta distributions? => But then this requires moving to bags of samples. It could still be ~instantaneous though.
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- [x] Figure out go syntax for
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- Maps
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- Joint types
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- Enums
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- [x] Fix correlation problem, by spinning up a new randomness thing every time some serial computation is done.
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- [x] Clean up error code. Right now only needed for division
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- [x] Maintain *both* a more complex thing that's more featureful *and* the more simple multiplication of lognormals thing.
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To (possibly) do:
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- [ ] Document parenthesis syntax
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- [ ] Allow input with K/M/T
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- [ ] Add functions. Now easier to do with an explicit representation of the stakc
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- [ ] Think about how to draw a histogram from samples
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- [ ] Dump samples to file
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- [ ] Represent samples/statistics in some other way
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- [ ] Perhaps use qsort rather than full sorting
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- [ ] Program into a small device, like a calculator?
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Discarded:
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- [ ] ~~Think of some way of calling bc~~
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