"description":"With several COVID-19 vaccines now approved in different jurisdictions to fight the pandemic, the focus has shifted to <a href=\"https://www.france24.com/en/health/20210204-more-people-now-vaccinated-against-covid-19-than-infected-worldwide-data-shows\" target=\"_blank\">vaccination</a>. The outcome will be determined using data as reported by <a href=\"https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/cumulative-covid-vaccinations\" target=\"_blank\">Our World in Data</a> for World. Click on the \"TABLE\" tab, scroll to the bottom to reach the entry for \"World,\" and see the relevant number in the column titled \"End.\" The date slider must be located all the way to the right to see the latest figure.",
"description":"This question was commissioned by <a href=\"https://www.openphilanthropy.org/blog/forecasting-covid-19-pandemic\" target=\"_blank\">Open Philanthropy</a>.The outcome will be determined based on reporting provided by <a href=\"https://coronavirus.jhu.edu/map.html\" target=\"_blank\">Johns Hopkins</a> of total deaths attributed to COVID-19 in the US through and including 31 March 2021.",
"description":"The status of the COVID-19 outbreak through spring 2021 is an open question, as \"<a href=\"https://apnews.com/article/virus-outbreak-pandemics-italy-madrid-eastern-europe-159a68a460337948d25281c153994c70\" target=\"_blank\">next waves</a>\" are experienced in the fall and winter. The outcome will be determined using the World Health Organization's Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) <a href=\"https://covid19.who.int/\" target=\"_blank\">Dashboard</a>. The value for a given day will come from the data available on the WHO dashboard at close of business of the day in question. If a data point is not available at that time, the first posting on the WHO dashboard thereafter will be used. Any subsequent revisions to the data are immaterial. To simplify the process, the data will be captured and posted <a href=\"https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1szi8i948AJRAqlYG82NhcW0qDMuLm6UlAyW_AbFsQ_0/\" target=\"_blank\">here</a> each day.",
"description":"This question was commissioned by <a href=\"https://www.openphilanthropy.org/blog/forecasting-covid-19-pandemic\" target=\"_blank\">Open Philanthropy</a>.The outcome will be determined based not on available data on confirmed cases, but on credible case estimates of COVID-19 from approved scientific sources, which are, in ranked order: WHO, The Lancet, the New England Journal of Medicine, Nature, Science, and the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America (e.g., <a href=\"https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/article/PIIS0140-6736%2820%2932009-2/fulltext\" target=\"_blank\">here</a>, <a href=\"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-020-18272-4\" target=\"_blank\">here</a>, <a href=\"https://apnews.com/article/virus-outbreak-archive-united-nations-54a3a5869c9ae4ee623497691e796083\" target=\"_blank\">here</a>). This question will be suspended on 31 March 2021 and closed on 30 June 2021, after assessing estimates for the period ending 31 March 2021. If estimates provided are a range, the midpoint of the range will be used to determine the outcome of the question. If more than one estimate from the highest-ranked publication is available as of 30 June 2021, the most recent estimate will be used. The outcome will be determined based on estimates inclusive of cases before this question's launch. For the companion forecasting question on confirmed cases of COVID-19, please see #1438.",
"description":"This question was commissioned by <a href=\"https://www.openphilanthropy.org/blog/forecasting-covid-19-pandemic\" target=\"_blank\">Open Philanthropy</a>.Dozens of <a href=\"https://www.who.int/publications/m/item/draft-landscape-of-covid-19-candidate-vaccines\" target=\"_blank\">companies</a> are trying to <a href=\"https://www.economist.com/leaders/2020/08/06/the-world-is-spending-nowhere-near-enough-on-a-coronavirus-vaccine\" target=\"_blank\">develop</a> a <a href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2020/science/coronavirus-vaccine-tracker.html\" target=\"_blank\">viable</a> vaccine for COVID-19. The <a href=\"https://www.fda.gov/news-events/press-announcements/fda-takes-key-action-fight-against-covid-19-issuing-emergency-use-authorization-first-covid-19\" target=\"_blank\">FDA</a> has authorized <a href=\"https://www.cnbc.com/2020/12/12/how-fedex-ups-plan-to-distribute-fda-approved-covid-vaccine-when-will-you-get-the-coronavirus-vaccine.html\" target=\"_blank\">Pfizer</a>'s COVID-19 vaccine for emergency use and is executing its plan for distribution. Information on FDA approval processes and circumstances when those processes can be waived can be found <a href=\"https://www.fda.gov/vaccines-blood-biologics/development-approval-process-cber/vaccine-development-101\" target=\"_blank\">here</a> and <a href=\"https://www.fda.gov/emergency-preparedness-and-response/mcm-legal-regulatory-and-policy-framework/emergency-use-authorization\" target=\"_blank\">here</a>. \"<a href=\"https://www.fda.gov/news-events/public-health-focus/expanded-access\" target=\"_blank\">Compassionate use</a>\" and \"<a href=\"https://www.fda.gov/emergency-preparedness-and-response/mcm-legal-regulatory-and-policy-framework/emergency-use-authorization\" target=\"_blank\">emergency use</a>\" authorizations would count as approval, and any vaccine doses distributed in the United States prior to its approval would also count. Reporting from credible public health sources, such as the CDC and FDA, will be used to determine the number of doses distributed. Approximately <a href=\"https://www.cdc.gov/flu/prevent/vaccinesupply-2018.htm\" target=\"_blank\">169.1</a> million vaccine doses for the 2018-2019 flu season were distributed in the United States. If an approved COVID-19 vaccine requires the administration of more than one dose, then the threshold would be the total number of doses needed to inoculate 100 million people (e.g., if two doses are required, then 200 million doses would need to be distributed to resolve the question).",
"description":"The Pfizer vaccine was developed with German partner BioNTech, but the rollout in Germany has been <a href=\"https://www.dw.com/en/coronavirus-vaccine-german-health-minister-jens-spahn-under-fire/a-56144390\" target=\"_blank\">criticized</a> for being <a href=\"https://www.reuters.com/article/us-health-coronavirus-vaccines-germany/scarce-doses-and-empty-vaccination-centres-germanys-vaccine-rollout-headache-idUSKBN29F0BP\" target=\"_blank\">slow</a>. The outcome will be determined using data published by the German government's <a href=\"https://www.rki.de/DE/Content/InfAZ/N/Neuartiges_Coronavirus/Daten/Impfquoten-Tab.html\" target=\"_blank\">Robert Koch Institut</a> [in German]. Click on the first link under \"Daten\" at the bottom of the page to download an xlsx file. In the xlsx file that opens (currently named \"Impfquotenmonitoring.xlsx\"), see the \"Gesamt_bis_einschl_[date]\" (Total up to and including [date]) sheet. Refer to column \"Gesamtzahl bisher verabreichter Impfstoffdosen\" (Total number of vaccine doses given to date) in the row \"Gesamt\" (Total). The question will resolve on the date indicated in the xlsx file. Whether a particular vaccine's regimen requires one or more doses is immaterial.",
"description":"The UK gave the first dose of Pfizer's COVID-19 vaccine on 8 December 2020 and is <a href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/coronavirus-live-updates/2020/12/08/944125280/u-k-begins-nationwide-coronavirus-immunization-largest-in-nations-history\" target=\"_blank\">pushing</a> to <a href=\"https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-55227325\" target=\"_blank\">execute</a> its <a href=\"https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/national-protocol-for-covid-19-mrna-vaccine-bnt162b2-pfizerbiontech\" target=\"_blank\">plan</a>. The outcome will be determined using data when and as reported by the <a href=\"https://www.gov.uk/coronavirus\" target=\"_blank\">UK</a> <a href=\"https://twitter.com/nadhimzahawi/status/1339167258866814976\" target=\"_blank\">government</a>. For the purposes of this question, a person will be considered to have been vaccinated upon receiving a single dose of a vaccine, irrespective of plans or requirements for additional doses for the same people.",
"title":"When will the U.S. Transportation Security Administration (TSA) next screen 1.4 million or more travelers per day for seven consecutive days?</a>",
"url":"https://goodjudgment.io/superforecasts/",
"platform":"Good Judgment",
"description":"With COVID-19 vaccine approvals, airlines are looking to <a href=\"https://www.bloomberg.com/professional/blog/north-american-post-pandemic-travel-recovery-report/\" target=\"_blank\">recover</a> from the drop in travel caused by the pandemic. The outcome will be determined using the \"TSA checkpoint travel numbers\" reported by the TSA (<a href=\"https://www.tsa.gov/coronavirus/passenger-throughput\" target=\"_blank\">www.tsa.gov/coronavirus/passenger-throughput</a>). The question will resolve when data in the column \"2021 Traveler Throughput\" first shows seven consecutive days of 1.4 million or more travelers.",
"title":"What will happen next with regard to the Tokyo Olympics?</a>",
"url":"https://goodjudgment.io/superforecasts/",
"platform":"Good Judgment",
"description":"The <a href=\"https://www.olympic.org/tokyo-2020\" target=\"_blank\">Games</a> of the XXXII Olympiad were scheduled to begin on 24 July 2020 in <a href=\"https://tokyo2020.org/en/\" target=\"_blank\">Tokyo</a>. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, they have been <a href=\"https://japantoday.com/category/sports/postponed-tokyo-olympics-hit-1-year-to-go-mark-again\" target=\"_blank\">postponed</a> to 23 July 2021. Public <a href=\"https://english.kyodonews.net/news/2020/07/342812540942-urgent-59-discontent-with-japan-govt-response-to-pandemic-poll.html\" target=\"_blank\">opinion</a> in Japan is divided between holding, postponing, and cancelling the Games.",
"title":"In 2021, what percentage of corporate board seats at S&P 500 firms will be held by racial minorities, according to The Conference Board?</a>",
"url":"https://goodjudgment.io/economist/",
"platform":"Good Judgment",
"description":"In its 2020 report, The <a href=\"https://conferenceboard.esgauge.org/boardpractices\" target=\"_blank\">Conference</a> <a href=\"https://conferenceboard.esgauge.org/assets/Corporate%20Board%20Practices%202020%20Edition.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">Board</a> reported that in 2019 only about 10 percent of S&P 500 companies explicitly disclosed <a href=\"https://www.economist.com/business/2019/11/07/how-to-make-your-firm-more-diverse-and-inclusive\" target=\"_blank\">board</a> members' races; among those identified, 78% of directors were white. The outcome will be determined using data for firms that disclose their individual directors' races in The Conference Board's 2022 Corporate Board Practices <a href=\"https://www.conference-board.org/us/\" target=\"_blank\">report</a>. ",
"description":"The International Monetary Fund (<a href=\"https://www.imf.org/en/Publications/WEO/Issues/2020/06/24/WEOUpdateJune2020\" target=\"_blank\">IMF</a>) and <a href=\"https://www.economist.com/finance-and-economics/2020/09/16/is-the-world-economy-recovering\" target=\"_blank\">others</a> are projecting a significant <a href=\"https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2020/09/oecd-global-gdp-pre-pandemic-level-2021-sustainable-resilient/\" target=\"_blank\">contraction</a> in the global economy in the coming years. The outcome will be determined using IMF purchasing power parity GDP data from the first release of the World Economic Outlook Database in 2022, which is expected in April 2022. At the IMF <a href=\"https://www.imf.org/en/Publications/SPROLLS/world-economic-outlook-databases#sort=%40imfdate%20descending\" target=\"_blank\">website</a>, choose the appropriate \"World Economic Outlook Database\"; then choose \"Entire Dataset\"; then download the \"By Country Groups\" file in the \"Tab Delimited Values\" section. On the spreadsheet, refer to the line of data, usually near the top, that has the Subject Descriptor as \"Gross domestic product, current prices\" and Units as \"Purchasing power parity; international dollars.\" Scroll over to the appropriate year. World GDP for 2019 in current prices, purchasing power parity, was $142,005.65 billion according to the <a href=\"https://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo/2020/01/weodata/WEOApr2020alla.xls\" target=\"_blank\">April 2020</a> report.",
"description":"Interest in <a href=\"https://www.morningstar.com/articles/994219/sustainable-funds-continue-to-rake-in-assets-during-the-second-quarter\" target=\"_blank\">sustainable</a> <a href=\"https://www.morningstar.com/articles/984776/theres-ample-room-for-sustainable-investing-to-grow-in-the-us\" target=\"_blank\">sector</a> <a href=\"https://www.economist.com/business/2020/10/03/the-proliferation-of-sustainability-accounting-standards-comes-with-costs\" target=\"_blank\">investment</a> <a href=\"https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2020-06-25/trump-administration-targets-esg-funds-with-proposed-401-k-rule\" target=\"_blank\">has</a> been high in Europe and is increasing in the US; the first half of 2020 has already seen nearly as much in the way of annual sustainable funds flows in the U.S. as in all of 2019. The outcome will be determined using <a href=\"https://www.morningstar.com/lp/global-esg-flows\" target=\"_blank\">data</a> from <a href=\"https://www.morningstar.com/articles/961765/sustainable-fund-flows-in-2019-smash-previous-records\" target=\"_blank\">Morningstar</a> for sustainable funds' estimated annual flows in the US for 2020 and 2021.",
"description":"Dozens of companies are trying to <a href=\"https://www.who.int/publications/m/item/draft-landscape-of-covid-19-candidate-vaccines\" target=\"_blank\">develop</a> a <a href=\"https://www.economist.com/leaders/2020/08/06/the-world-is-spending-nowhere-near-enough-on-a-coronavirus-vaccine\" target=\"_blank\">viable</a> <a href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2020/science/coronavirus-vaccine-tracker.html\" target=\"_blank\">vaccine</a> for COVID-19. Information on FDA approval processes and circumstances when those processes can be waived <a href=\"https://www.fda.gov/vaccines-blood-biologics/development-approval-process-cber/vaccine-development-101\" target=\"_blank\">can</a> be <a href=\"https://www.fda.gov/emergency-preparedness-and-response/mcm-legal-regulatory-and-policy-framework/emergency-use-authorization\" target=\"_blank\"> found</a> <a href=\"https://www.fda.gov/news-events/public-health-focus/expanded-access\" target=\"_blank\">here</a>. \"Compassionate use\" and \"emergency use\" authorizations would count as approval, and any vaccine doses distributed in the United States prior to its approval would also <a href=\"https://www.fda.gov/news-events/public-health-focus/expanded-access\" target=\"_blank\">count</a>. Reporting from credible public health sources, such as the CDC and FDA, will be used to determine the number of doses distributed. Approximately 169.1 million vaccine doses for the <a href=\"https://www.cdc.gov/flu/prevent/vaccinesupply-2018.htm\" target=\"_blank\">2018-2019</a> flu season were distributed in the United States. If an approved COVID-19 vaccine requires the administration of more than one dose, then the threshold would be the total number of doses needed to inoculate 200 million people (e.g., if two doses are required, then 400 million doses would need to be distributed to resolve the question). ",
"title":"As of 1 July 2021, what will be the United Kingdom's Office for National Statistics (ONS) latest report of the percentage of working adults who \"worked from home exclusively\"?</a>",
"url":"https://goodjudgment.io/economist/",
"platform":"Good Judgment",
"description":"The COVID-19 pandemic has forced many <a href=\"https://www.economist.com/briefing/2020/09/12/covid-19-has-forced-a-radical-shift-in-working-habits\" target=\"_blank\">workers</a> to work from <a href=\"https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-wales-53946487\" target=\"_blank\">home</a>, and this trend may continue even after the pandemic has passed. The outcome will be determined using data as reported in the ONS' Opinions and Lifestyle Survey. In their report from 1 October 2020, the <a href=\"https://www.ons.gov.uk/peoplepopulationandcommunity/healthandsocialcare/conditionsanddiseases/bulletins/coronavirustheukeconomyandsocietyfasterindicators/1october2020#social-impacts-of-the-coronavirus-on-great-britain\" target=\"_blank\">ONS</a> reported that 24% of working adults worked from home exclusively (see Figure 2 under Section 3). In the event that the release of the reports is changed or delayed, the outcome will be determined based on the most recently reported figure as of the close of business on 1 July 2021.",
