# inmapRightAsync > Invoke a function for each element in a collection and update the collection in-place, iterating from right to left.
## Usage ```javascript var inmapRightAsync = require( '@stdlib/utils/async/inmap-right' ); ``` #### inmapRightAsync( collection, \[options,] fcn, done ) Invokes a function for each element in a `collection` and updates the `collection` in-place, iterating from right to left. ```javascript function fcn( value, index, next ) { setTimeout( onTimeout, value ); function onTimeout() { console.log( value ); next( null, value*index ); } } function done( error, collection ) { if ( error ) { throw error; } console.log( collection === arr ); console.log( collection ); } var arr = [ 1000, 2500, 3000 ]; inmapRightAsync( arr, fcn, done ); /* 1000 2500 3000 true [ 0, 2500, 6000 ] */ ``` The `next` callback accepts two arguments: `error` and `result`. The second argument to the `next` callback is used to update the `collection` element for the corresponding collection `index`, thus mutating the input `collection`. ```javascript function fcn( value, index, next ) { setTimeout( onTimeout, value ); function onTimeout() { next( null, 'beep: '+index ); } } function done( error, collection ) { if ( error ) { throw error; } console.log( collection ); // => [ 'beep: 0', 'beep: 1', 'beep: 2' ] } var arr = [ 1000, 2500, 3000 ]; inmapRightAsync( arr, fcn, done ); ``` If the `next` callback is called with an `error` argument, the input `collection` may be **partially** mutated. ```javascript function fcn( value, index, next ) { setTimeout( onTimeout, value ); function onTimeout() { if ( index === 1 ) { return next( new Error( 'boop' ) ); } next( null, 'beep: '+index ); } } function done( error, collection ) { if ( error ) { // Ignore error... } console.log( collection ); // => [ 1000, 2000, 'beep: 2' ] } var arr = [ 1000, 2000, 3000 ]; inmapRightAsync( arr, fcn, done ); ``` The function accepts the following `options`: - `limit`: the maximum number of pending invocations at any one time. Default: `infinity`. - `series`: `boolean` indicating whether to sequentially invoke `fcn` for each `collection` element. If `true`, the function sets `options.limit=1`. Default: `false`. - `thisArg`: the execution context for `fcn`. By default, all elements are processed concurrently, which means that the function does **not** guarantee completion order. To process each `collection` element sequentially, set the `series` option to `true`. ```javascript function fcn( value, index, next ) { setTimeout( onTimeout, value ); function onTimeout() { console.log( value ); next( null, value*index ); } } function done( error, collection ) { if ( error ) { throw error; } console.log( collection === arr ); console.log( collection ); } var arr = [ 1000, 2500, 3000 ]; var opts = { 'series': true }; inmapRightAsync( arr, opts, fcn, done ); /* => 3000 2500 1000 true [ 0, 2500, 6000 ] */ ``` To limit the maximum number of pending function invocations, set the `limit` option. ```javascript function fcn( value, index, next ) { setTimeout( onTimeout, value ); function onTimeout() { console.log( value ); next( null, value*index ); } } function done( error, collection ) { if ( error ) { throw error; } console.log( collection === arr ); console.log( collection ); } var arr = [ 1000, 2500, 3000 ]; var opts = { 'limit': 2 }; inmapRightAsync( arr, opts, fcn, done ); /* => 2500 3000 1000 true, [ 0, 2500, 6000 ] */ ``` To set the execution context of `fcn`, set the `thisArg` option. ```javascript function fcn( value, index, next ) { this.count += 1; setTimeout( onTimeout, value ); function onTimeout() { next( null, value*index ); } } var arr = [ 1000, 2500, 3000 ]; var context = { 'count': 0 }; var opts = { 'thisArg': context }; inmapRightAsync( arr, opts, fcn, done ); function done( error, collection ) { if ( error ) { throw error; } console.log( collection === arr ); // => true console.log( collection ); // => [ 0, 2500, 6000 ] console.log( context.count ); // => 3 } ``` When invoked, `fcn` is provided a maximum of four arguments: - `value`: collection value. - `index`: collection index. - `collection`: the input `collection`. - `next`: a callback which should be called once `fcn` has finished processing a collection `value`. The actual number of provided arguments depends on function `length`. If `fcn` accepts two arguments, `fcn` is provided `value` and `next`. If `fcn` accepts three arguments, `fcn` is provided `value`, `index`, and `next`. For every other `fcn` signature, `fcn` is provided all four arguments. ```javascript function fcn( value, i, collection, next ) { console.log( 'collection: %s. %d: %d', collection.join( ',' ), i, value ); setTimeout( onTimeout, value ); function onTimeout() { console.log( value ); next( null, value*i ); } } function done( error, collection ) { if ( error ) { throw error; } console.log( collection === arr ); console.log( collection ); } var arr = [ 1000, 2500, 3000 ]; inmapRightAsync( arr, fcn, done ); /* => collection: 3000,2500,1000. 2: 3000 collection: 3000,2500,1000. 1: 2500 collection: 3000,2500,1000. 0: 1000 1000 2500 3000 true [ 0, 2500, 6000 ] */ ``` #### inmapRightAsync.factory( \[options,] fcn ) Returns a `function` which invokes a function once for each element in a `collection`, iterating from right to left. ```javascript function fcn( value, index, next ) { setTimeout( onTimeout, value ); function onTimeout() { console.log( value ); next( null, value*index ); } } function done( error, collection ) { if ( error ) { throw error; } console.log( collection ); } var f = inmapRightAsync.factory( fcn ); var arr1 = [ 1000, 2500, 3000 ]; f( arr1, done ); /* => 1000 2500 3000 [ 0, 2500, 6000 ] */ var arr2 = [ 100, 250, 300 ]; f( arr2, done ); /* => 100 250 300 [ 0, 250, 600 ] */ ``` The function accepts the same `options` as `inmapRightAsync()`.
## Notes - A `collection` may be either an [`Array`][mdn-array], [`Typed Array`][mdn-typed-array], or an array-like [`Object`][mdn-object] (excluding `strings` and `functions`). - If a provided function calls the `next` callback with a truthy `error` argument, the function suspends execution and immediately calls the `done` callback for subsequent `error` handling. - The function invokes the `done` callback with the input `collection` provided as the second argument. - The function modifies `collection` elements in-place. - The function does **not** support dynamic `collection` resizing. - The function does **not** skip `undefined` elements. - **Neither** `inmapRightAsync` nor the function returned by the `factory` method **guarantee** asynchronous execution. To guarantee asynchrony, wrap the `done` callback in a function which either executes at the end of the current stack (e.g., `nextTick`) or during a subsequent turn of the event loop (e.g., `setImmediate`, `setTimeout`).
## Examples ```javascript var resolve = require( 'path' ).resolve; var readFile = require( '@stdlib/fs/read-file' ); var inmapRightAsync = require( '@stdlib/utils/async/inmap-right' ); var files = [ resolve( __dirname, 'package.json' ), resolve( __dirname, 'README.md' ) ]; function done( error, results ) { if ( error ) { throw error; } console.log( results ); } function read( file, next ) { var opts = { 'encoding': 'utf8' }; readFile( file, opts, onFile ); function onFile( error, data ) { if ( error ) { error = new Error( 'unable to read file: '+file ); return next( error ); } next( null, data ); } } inmapRightAsync( files, read, done ); ```