# append > Add elements from one collection to the end of another collection.
## Usage ```javascript var append = require( '@stdlib/utils/append' ); ``` #### append( collection1, collection2 ) Adds elements from one `collection` to the end of another `collection`. A `collection` may be either an [`Array`][mdn-array], [`Typed Array`][mdn-typed-array], or an array-like [`Object`][mdn-object] (i.e., an [`Object`][mdn-object] having a valid writable `length` property). ```javascript var arr = [ 1.0, 2.0, 3.0, 4.0, 5.0 ]; var out = append( arr, [ 6.0, 7.0 ] ); // returns [ 1.0, 2.0, 3.0, 4.0, 5.0, 6.0, 7.0 ] var bool = ( out === arr ); // returns true ``` Note that the function returns the extended collection. For [typed arrays][mdn-typed-array], the returned value is a new [typed array][mdn-typed-array] view whose underlying [`ArrayBuffer`][mdn-arraybuffer] may **not** equal the underlying [`ArrayBuffer`][mdn-arraybuffer] for the input `collection`. ```javascript var ArrayBuffer = require( '@stdlib/array/buffer' ); var Float64Array= require( '@stdlib/array/float64' ); var buf = new ArrayBuffer( 3*8 ); // 8 bytes per double var arr = new Float64Array( buf, 0, 2 ); arr[ 0 ] = 1.0; arr[ 1 ] = 2.0; var out = append( arr, [ 3.0 ] ); // returns [ 1.0, 2.0, 3.0 ] var bool = ( out === arr ); // returns false bool = ( out.buffer === arr.buffer ); // returns true out = append( out, [ 4.0 ] ); // returns [ 1.0, 2.0, 3.0, 4.0 ] bool = ( out.buffer === arr.buffer ); // returns false ```
## Notes - The function adds elements to a [typed array][mdn-typed-array] by setting values in the underlying [`ArrayBuffer`][mdn-arraybuffer]. If an [`ArrayBuffer`][mdn-arraybuffer] does not have enough bytes in which to store all elements, the function allocates a new [`ArrayBuffer`][mdn-arraybuffer] capable of holding `2^n` elements, where `n` is the next power of `2`. This procedure is similar to how environments internally handle dynamic memory allocation for [`Arrays`][mdn-array]. - Beware when providing [typed arrays][mdn-typed-array] which are views pointing to a shared (or pooled) [`ArrayBuffer`][mdn-arraybuffer]. Because the function sets [`ArrayBuffer`][mdn-arraybuffer] bytes outside of a provided [view][mdn-typed-array], the function may overwrite bytes belonging to one or more external views. This could be a potential **security vulnerability**. Prefer providing [typed arrays][mdn-typed-array] which have an exclusive [`ArrayBuffer`][mdn-arraybuffer]; otherwise, be sure to plan for and guard against mutated state.
## Examples ```javascript var Float64Array= require( '@stdlib/array/float64' ); var append = require( '@stdlib/utils/append' ); var arr; var i; arr = new Float64Array(); for ( i = 0; i < 100; i++ ) { arr = append( arr, [ i, i+1, i+2 ] ); } console.log( arr ); ```