diff --git a/functions/src/create-contract.ts b/functions/src/create-contract.ts
index 0b0796f6..d37919ab 100644
--- a/functions/src/create-contract.ts
+++ b/functions/src/create-contract.ts
@@ -29,6 +29,9 @@ export const createContract = functions
 
       const { question, description, initialProb, ante, closeTime } = data
 
+      if (!question || !initialProb)
+        return { status: 'error', message: 'Missing contract attributes' }
+
       if (ante !== undefined && (ante < 0 || ante > creator.balance))
         return { status: 'error', message: 'Invalid ante' }
 
diff --git a/web/components/bet-panel.tsx b/web/components/bet-panel.tsx
index 4bb5702d..f6f35676 100644
--- a/web/components/bet-panel.tsx
+++ b/web/components/bet-panel.tsx
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { getFunctions, httpsCallable } from 'firebase/functions'
 import clsx from 'clsx'
-import React, { useState } from 'react'
+import React, { useEffect, useState } from 'react'
 
 import { useUser } from '../hooks/use-user'
 import { Contract } from '../lib/firebase/contracts'
@@ -24,8 +24,14 @@ import { firebaseLogin } from '../lib/firebase/users'
 import { OutcomeLabel } from './outcome-label'
 import { AdvancedPanel } from './advanced-panel'
 import { Bet } from '../lib/firebase/bets'
+import { placeBet } from '../lib/firebase/api-call'
 
 export function BetPanel(props: { contract: Contract; className?: string }) {
+  useEffect(() => {
+    // warm up cloud function
+    placeBet({}).catch()
+  }, [])
+
   const { contract, className } = props
 
   const user = useUser()
@@ -212,6 +218,3 @@ export function BetPanel(props: { contract: Contract; className?: string }) {
     </Col>
   )
 }
-
-const functions = getFunctions()
-export const placeBet = httpsCallable(functions, 'placeBet')
diff --git a/web/components/bets-list.tsx b/web/components/bets-list.tsx
index 3cbf4ace..b622c58e 100644
--- a/web/components/bets-list.tsx
+++ b/web/components/bets-list.tsx
@@ -2,6 +2,8 @@ import Link from 'next/link'
 import _ from 'lodash'
 import dayjs from 'dayjs'
 import { useEffect, useState } from 'react'
+import clsx from 'clsx'
+
 import { useUserBets } from '../hooks/use-user-bets'
 import { Bet } from '../lib/firebase/bets'
 import { User } from '../lib/firebase/users'
@@ -20,8 +22,7 @@ import {
   calculateSaleAmount,
   resolvedPayout,
 } from '../lib/calculate'
-import clsx from 'clsx'
-import { cloudFunction } from '../lib/firebase/api-call'
+import { sellBet } from '../lib/firebase/api-call'
 import { ConfirmationButton } from './confirmation-button'
 import { OutcomeLabel, YesLabel, NoLabel, MarketLabel } from './outcome-label'
 
@@ -341,9 +342,12 @@ function BetRow(props: { bet: Bet; contract: Contract; sale?: Bet }) {
   )
 }
 
-const sellBet = cloudFunction('sellBet')
-
 function SellButton(props: { contract: Contract; bet: Bet }) {
+  useEffect(() => {
+    // warm up cloud function
+    sellBet({}).catch()
+  }, [])
+
   const { contract, bet } = props
   const [isSubmitting, setIsSubmitting] = useState(false)
 
diff --git a/web/components/resolution-panel.tsx b/web/components/resolution-panel.tsx
index d5ccbfd5..3e282fa8 100644
--- a/web/components/resolution-panel.tsx
+++ b/web/components/resolution-panel.tsx
@@ -1,6 +1,5 @@
 import clsx from 'clsx'
-import React, { useState } from 'react'
-import { getFunctions, httpsCallable } from 'firebase/functions'
+import React, { useEffect, useState } from 'react'
 
 import { Contract } from '../lib/firebase/contracts'
 import { Col } from './layout/col'
@@ -9,15 +8,18 @@ import { User } from '../lib/firebase/users'
 import { YesNoCancelSelector } from './yes-no-selector'
 import { Spacer } from './layout/spacer'
 import { ConfirmationButton as ConfirmationButton } from './confirmation-button'
-
-const functions = getFunctions()
-export const resolveMarket = httpsCallable(functions, 'resolveMarket')
+import { resolveMarket } from '../lib/firebase/api-call'
 
 export function ResolutionPanel(props: {
   creator: User
   contract: Contract
   className?: string
 }) {
+  useEffect(() => {
+    // warm up cloud function
+    resolveMarket({}).catch()
+  }, [])
+
   const { contract, className } = props
 
   const [outcome, setOutcome] = useState<
diff --git a/web/lib/firebase/api-call.ts b/web/lib/firebase/api-call.ts
index fc054386..3d541291 100644
--- a/web/lib/firebase/api-call.ts
+++ b/web/lib/firebase/api-call.ts
@@ -4,3 +4,10 @@ const functions = getFunctions()
 
 export const cloudFunction = (name: string) => httpsCallable(functions, name)
 
+export const createContract = cloudFunction('createContract')
+
+export const placeBet = cloudFunction('placeBet')
+
+export const resolveMarket = cloudFunction('resolveMarket')
+
+export const sellBet = cloudFunction('sellBet')
diff --git a/web/pages/create.tsx b/web/pages/create.tsx
index 2d6c2027..ab76e667 100644
--- a/web/pages/create.tsx
+++ b/web/pages/create.tsx
@@ -2,7 +2,6 @@ import router from 'next/router'
 import { useEffect, useState } from 'react'
 import clsx from 'clsx'
 import dayjs from 'dayjs'
-import { getFunctions, httpsCallable } from 'firebase/functions'
 
 import { CreatorContractsList } from '../components/contracts-list'
 import { Spacer } from '../components/layout/spacer'
@@ -12,6 +11,7 @@ import { Contract, path } from '../lib/firebase/contracts'
 import { Page } from '../components/page'
 import { formatMoney } from '../lib/util/format'
 import { AdvancedPanel } from '../components/advanced-panel'
+import { createContract } from '../lib/firebase/api-call'
 
 // Allow user to create a new contract
 export default function NewContract() {
@@ -19,7 +19,12 @@ export default function NewContract() {
 
   useEffect(() => {
     if (creator === null) router.push('/')
-  })
+  }, [creator])
+
+  useEffect(() => {
+    // warm up function
+    createContract({}).catch()
+  }, [])
 
   const [initialProb, setInitialProb] = useState(50)
   const [question, setQuestion] = useState('')
@@ -225,9 +230,6 @@ export default function NewContract() {
   )
 }
 
-const functions = getFunctions()
-export const createContract = httpsCallable(functions, 'createContract')
-
 // Given a date string like '2022-04-02',
 // return the time just before midnight on that date (in the user's local time), as millis since epoch
 function dateToMillis(date: string) {
diff --git a/web/pages/make-predictions.tsx b/web/pages/make-predictions.tsx
index 23144ff0..c2a2fe5f 100644
--- a/web/pages/make-predictions.tsx
+++ b/web/pages/make-predictions.tsx
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 import clsx from 'clsx'
-import { getFunctions, httpsCallable } from 'firebase/functions'
 import Link from 'next/link'
 import { useState } from 'react'
+
 import { Col } from '../components/layout/col'
 import { Row } from '../components/layout/row'
 import { Spacer } from '../components/layout/spacer'
@@ -9,11 +9,9 @@ import { Linkify } from '../components/linkify'
 import { Page } from '../components/page'
 import { Title } from '../components/title'
 import { useUser } from '../hooks/use-user'
+import { createContract } from '../lib/firebase/api-call'
 import { compute, Contract, path } from '../lib/firebase/contracts'
 
-const functions = getFunctions()
-export const createContract = httpsCallable(functions, 'createContract')
-
 type Prediction = {
   question: string
   description: string